探针-就绪探测、存活探测

探针是由kubelet对容器执行的定期诊断,要执行诊断,kubelet调用由容器实现的Handler,有三种类型的处理程序:

ExecActive:在容器内执行指定命令,若命令退出时返回码为0,则认为诊断成功

TCPSockeAction:对指定端口上的容器的ip地址进行tcp检查,如果端口打开,则诊断为成功

HTTPGetAction:对指定端口和路径上的容器ip地址执行HTTP Get请求,如果相应的状态码>200且<400,则诊断是成功的

每次探测都将获得以下三种结果之一:

成功:容器通过了诊断

失败:容器未通过诊断

未知:诊断失败,不会采取任何行动

两种探测方式

  • livenessProbe(存活检测):指示容器是否正在运行,如果存活检测失败,则kubelet会杀死容器,并且容器将受到其重启策略的影响。如果容器不提供存活探针,则默认状态为Success
  • readinessProbe(就绪探测):指示容器是否准备好服务请求。如果就绪探测失败,端点控制器将从与Pod匹配的所有的service的端点中删除该Pod的IP地址,初始延迟之前的就绪状态默认为Failure。如果容器不提供就绪探针,则默认状态为Success

测试

## 就绪探测
## 创建yaml文件
vim readinessProbe-httpget.yaml
...
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: readiness-httpget-pod
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - name: readiness-httpget-container
    image: hub.vfancloud.com/test/myapp:v1
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    readinessProbe:
      httpGet:
        port: 80
        path: /index1.html
      initialDelaySeconds: 1 Pod开启后,延迟1s再进行检测
      periodSeconds: 3 检测间隔时长
...

## 查看Pod状态,状态为运行,却没ready
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl get pod 
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
readiness-httpget-pod   0/1     Running   0          14s

## 查看描述,报错404
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl describe pod readiness-httpget-pod
  Warning  Unhealthy  0s (x2 over 2s)  kubelet, testcentos7  Readiness probe failed: HTTP probe failed with statuscode: 404

## 添加index1.html即可ready
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl exec -it readiness-httpget-pod -- touch /usr/share/nginx/html/index1.html
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl get pod 
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
readiness-httpget-pod   1/1     Running   0          5m5s

存活检测

## 存活检测,只要存活检测失败,就会重启Pod
## 创建exec yaml文件
vim livenessProbe-exec.yaml
...
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: liveness-exec-pod
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - name: liveness-exec-container
    image: busybox:v1
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    command: ['sh','-c','touch /tmp/live ;sleep 60; rm -f /tmp/live; sleep 3600']
    livenessProbe:
      exec:
        command: ['test','-e','/tmp/live'] 检测有无/tmp/live文件
      initialDelaySeconds: 1 Pod开启后,延迟1s再进行检测
      periodSeconds: 3 检测间隔时长
...

## 前60s Pod是正常运行状态
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl get pod 
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
liveness-exec-pod       1/1     Running   0          5s
readiness-httpget-pod   1/1     Running   0          39m

## 60s后,Pod已经出错重启一次
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl get pod 
NAME                    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
liveness-exec-pod       1/1     Running   1          118s
readiness-httpget-pod   1/1     Running   0          41m

## 创建httpGet yaml文件
vim livenessProbe-httpget.yaml
...
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: liveness-httpget-pod
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - name: liveness-httpget-container
    image: hub.vfancloud.com/test/myapp:v1
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    ports:
    - name: http
      containerPort: 80
    livenessProbe:
      httpGet:
        port: 80
        path: /index.html 请求此文件内容
      initialDelaySeconds: 1
      periodSeconds: 3
      timeoutSeconds: 10 最大请求时长
...

## 查看pod
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl get pod
NAME                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
liveness-httpget-pod   1/1     Running   0          3s

## 测试删除index.html文件,Pod已经开始重启
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl exec -it liveness-httpget-pod -- rm -f /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl get pod
NAME                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
liveness-httpget-pod   1/1     Running   1          84s

## 创建tcp yaml文件
vim livenessProbe-tcp.yaml
...
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: liveness-httpget-pod
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: hub.vfancloud.com/test/myapp:v1
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    livenessProbe:
      tcpSocket: 检测8080是否存在
        port: 8080
      initialDelaySeconds: 1
      periodSeconds: 3
      timeoutSeconds: 10
...

## 因为镜像内没开启8080,所以Pod会一直重启
[root@Centos8 k8sYaml]# kubectl get pod 
NAME                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
liveness-httpget-pod   1/1     Running   1          18s