题目地址:https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-prefix-divisible-by-5/
题目描述
Given an array A
of 0
s and 1
s, consider N_i
: the i-th
subarray from ```A[0]to
A[i]`` interpreted as a binary number (from most-significant-bit to least-significant-bit.)
Return a list of booleans answer
, where answer[i]
is true if and only if N_i is divisible by 5.
Example 1:
Input: [0,1,1]
Output: [true,false,false]
Explanation:
The input numbers in binary are 0, 01, 011; which are 0, 1, and 3 in base-10. Only the first number is divisible by 5, so answer[0] is true.
Example 2:
Input: [1,1,1]
Output: [false,false,false]
Example 3:
Input: [0,1,1,1,1,1]
Output: [true,false,false,false,true,false]
Example 4:
Input: [1,1,1,0,1]
Output: [false,false,false,false,false]
Note:
1、 1<=A.length<=30000
;
2、 A[i]is0or1
;
题目大意
给出一个数组,判断数组的每个位置构成的前缀能不能被5整除。
解题方法
这个题肯定不能蛮力求解,最简单的方法就是利用求余的性质。我们每次只用保存前缀对5的余数,在求下一个位置的时候把上一次的前缀×2 + 当前的数字
再模5.
求余的性质:
((a +b)mod p × c) mod p = ((a × c) mod p + (b × c) mod p) mod p
(a×b) mod c=((a mod c) * (b mod c)) mod c
(a+b) mod c=((a mod c)+ (b mod c)) mod c
(a-b) mod c=((a mod c)- (b mod c)) mod c
所以,a扩大x倍之后模一个数字,等于((a % 5) * (x % 5)) % 5.
Python代码如下:
class Solution(object):
def prefixesDivBy5(self, A):
"""
:type A: List[int]
:rtype: List[bool]
"""
res = []
prefix = 0
for a in A:
prefix = (prefix * 2 + a) % 5
res.append(prefix == 0)
return res
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