Tomcat源码版本:apache-tomcat-8.5.54-src
JDK源码版本:jdk1.8.0_171
一、容器相关接口
1、 org.apache.catalina.Container容器接口;
容器是一个处理用户servlet请求并返回对象给 web 用户的模块。
org.apache.catalina.Container 接口定义了容器的形式,有四种容器:Engine(引擎), Host(主机), Context(上下文), 和 Wrapper(包装器)。
2、 org.apache.catalina.Engine引擎接口;
引擎表示整个Catalina的Servlet引擎。当你想要支持多个虚拟主机的时候,需要一个引擎;只能添加Host子容器,且没有父容器。
3、 org.apache.catalina.Host主机接口;
一个Tomcat部署使用ContextConfig来配置上下文,必须有一个主机。
4、 org.apache.catalina.Context;
一个context在容器中表示一个web应用。一个context通常含有一个或多个包装器作为其子容器。
5、 org.apache.catalina.Wrapper包装器接口,一个包装器是表示一个独立servlet定义的容器;
包装器的实现类负责管理其下层servlet的生命周期,包括servlet的init,service和destroy方法。由于包装器是最底层的容器,所以不可以将子容器添加给它,如果addChild方法被调用的时候会产生IllegalArgumantException 异常。
包装器接口中重要方法:
//allocate方法负责定位该包装器表示的servlet的实例。Allocate 方法必须考虑一个 servlet 是否实现了javax.servlet.SingleThreadModel 接口,该部分内容将会在 11 章中进行讨论。
public Servlet allocate() throws ServletException;
//load方法负责load和初始化servlet的实例。
public void load() throws ServletException;
二、流水线任务相关接口
1、 org.apache.catalina.Pipeline流水线接口,流水线接口允许你添加一个新的阀门或者删除一个阀门.;
package org.apache.catalina;
import java.util.Set;
public interface Pipeline {
public Valve getBasic();//得到基本阀门 最后被唤醒的基本阀门,负责处理 request 和回复 response
public void setBasic(Valve valve);//分配一个基本阀门给流水线
public void addValve(Valve valve);
public Valve[] getValves();
public void removeValve(Valve valve);
public Valve getFirst();
public boolean isAsyncSupported();
public Container getContainer();
public void setContainer(Container container);
public void findNonAsyncValves(Set<String> result);
}
2、 org.apache.catalina.Valve阀门接口,阀门接口表示一个阀门,该组件负责处理请求;
package org.apache.catalina;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Request;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Response;
public interface Valve {
public Valve getNext();
public void setNext(Valve valve);
public void backgroundProcess();
//invoke唤醒流水线的阀门
public void invoke(Request request, Response response) throws IOException, ServletException;
public boolean isAsyncSupported();
}
3、 org.apache.catalina.Contained接口:;
一个阀门可以选择性的实现org.apache.catalina.Contained 接口。该接口定义了其实现类跟一个容器相关联。
package org.apache.catalina;
public interface Contained {
Container getContainer();
void setContainer(Container container);
}
三、容器具体实现
1、 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase;
2、 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineEngine接口标准实现类;
public class StandardEngine extends ContainerBase implements Engine {
//构造函数
public StandardEngine() {
//设置基础阀门StandardEngineValve
pipeline.setBasic(new StandardEngineValve());
...
}
......
}
//StandardEngine阀门定义以及invoke执行方法
final class StandardEngineValve extends ValveBase {
.....
@Override
public final void invoke(Request request, Response response)
throws IOException, ServletException {
Host host = request.getHost();
......
host.getPipeline().getFirst().invoke(request, response);
}
....
}
3、 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostHost接口标准实现类;
public class StandardHost extends ContainerBase implements Host {
//构造函数
public StandardHost() {
super();
//设置基础阀门StandardHostValve
pipeline.setBasic(new StandardHostValve());
}
....
}
//基础阀门StandardHostValve
final class StandardHostValve extends ValveBase {
@Override
public final void invoke(Request request, Response response)
throws IOException, ServletException {
Context context = request.getContext();
....
boolean asyncAtStart = request.isAsync();
try {
context.bind(Globals.IS_SECURITY_ENABLED, MY_CLASSLOADER);
if (!asyncAtStart && !context.fireRequestInitEvent(request.getRequest())) {
return;
}
try {
if (!response.isErrorReportRequired()) {
context.getPipeline().getFirst().invoke(request, response);
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(t);
container.getLogger().error("Exception Processing " + request.getRequestURI(), t);
if (!response.isErrorReportRequired()) {
request.setAttribute(RequestDispatcher.ERROR_EXCEPTION, t);
throwable(request, response, t);
}
}
response.setSuspended(false);
Throwable t = (Throwable) request.getAttribute(RequestDispatcher.ERROR_EXCEPTION);
if (!context.getState().isAvailable()) {
return;
}
if (response.isErrorReportRequired()) {
AtomicBoolean result = new AtomicBoolean(false);
response.getCoyoteResponse().action(ActionCode.IS_IO_ALLOWED, result);
if (result.get()) {
if (t != null) {
throwable(request, response, t);
} else {
status(request, response);
}
}
}
if (!request.isAsync() && !asyncAtStart) {
context.fireRequestDestroyEvent(request.getRequest());
}
} finally {
if (ACCESS_SESSION) {
request.getSession(false);
}
context.unbind(Globals.IS_SECURITY_ENABLED, MY_CLASSLOADER);
}
}
}
4、 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextContext接口标准实现类;
public class StandardContext extends ContainerBase implements Context, NotificationEmitter {
public StandardContext() {
super();
pipeline.setBasic(new StandardContextValve());//设置基础阀门StandardContextValve
broadcaster = new NotificationBroadcasterSupport();
if (!Globals.STRICT_SERVLET_COMPLIANCE) {
resourceOnlyServlets.add("jsp");
}
}
....
}
final class StandardContextValve extends ValveBase {
@Override
public final void invoke(Request request, Response response)throws IOException, ServletException {
Wrapper wrapper = request.getWrapper();
.....
wrapper.getPipeline().getFirst().invoke(request, response);
}
}
5、 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper包装器标准实现类;
StandardWrapper主要职责加载它表示的 servlet 并分配它的一个实例。
该StandardWrapper不会调用servlet的service方法。这个任务留给StandardWrapperValve对象,StandardWrapper实例的基本阀门管道。
StandardWrapperValve对象通过调用StandardWrapper的allocate 方法获得Servlet 实例。在获得 Servlet 实例之后的 StandardWrapperValve 调用 servlet的service方法,在 servlet 第一次被请求的时候,StandardWrapper 加载 servlet 类。
它是动态的加载servlet,所以需要知道 servlet 类的完全限定名称。通过StandardWrapper 类的 setServletClass 方法将 servlet 的类名传递给StandardWrapper。另外,使用 setName 方法也可以传递 servlet 名。
public class StandardWrapper extends ContainerBase implements ServletConfig, Wrapper, NotificationEmitter {
//构造函数
public StandardWrapper() {
super();
swValve=new StandardWrapperValve();
pipeline.setBasic(swValve);//设置基础阀门StandardWrapperValve
broadcaster = new NotificationBroadcasterSupport();
}
@Override
public Servlet allocate() throws ServletException {
if (unloading) {
throw new ServletException(sm.getString("standardWrapper.unloading", getName()));
}
boolean newInstance = false;
// If not SingleThreadedModel, return the same instance every time
if (!singleThreadModel) {
if (instance == null || !instanceInitialized) {
synchronized (this) {
if (instance == null) {
try {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("Allocating non-STM instance");
}
instance = loadServlet();
newInstance = true;
if (!singleThreadModel) {
countAllocated.incrementAndGet();
}
} catch (ServletException e) {
throw e;
} catch (Throwable e) {
ExceptionUtils.handleThrowable(e);
throw new ServletException(sm.getString("standardWrapper.allocate"), e);
}
}
if (!instanceInitialized) {
initServlet(instance);//初始化
}
}
}
if (singleThreadModel) {
if (newInstance) {
synchronized (instancePool) {
instancePool.push(instance);
nInstances++;
}
}
} else {
.....
if (!newInstance) {
countAllocated.incrementAndGet();
}
return instance;
}
}
synchronized (instancePool) {
while (countAllocated.get() >= nInstances) {
if (nInstances < maxInstances) {
try {
instancePool.push(loadServlet());
nInstances++;
} catch (ServletException e) {
....
} catch (Throwable e) {
....
}
} else {
try {
instancePool.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}
countAllocated.incrementAndGet();
return instancePool.pop();
}
}
//加载servlet
public synchronized Servlet loadServlet() throws ServletException {
....
Servlet servlet;
try {
.....
InstanceManager instanceManager = ((StandardContext)getParent()).getInstanceManager();
try {
servlet = (Servlet) instanceManager.newInstance(servletClass);//实例化Servlet
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
....
} catch (Throwable e) {
.....
}
.......
//对于实现SingleThreadModel接口的Servlet的处理
if (servlet instanceof SingleThreadModel) {
if (instancePool == null) {
instancePool = new Stack<>();
}
singleThreadModel = true;
}
initServlet(servlet);
fireContainerEvent("load", this);
} finally {
.....
}
return servlet;
}
.....
}
final class StandardWrapperValve extends ValveBase {
@Override
public final void invoke(Request request, Response response) throws IOException, ServletException {
....
//获取StandardWrapper
StandardWrapper wrapper = (StandardWrapper) getContainer();
Servlet servlet = null;
//获取Context
Context context = (Context) wrapper.getParent();
....
try {
if (!unavailable) {
//调用StandardWrapper的allocate的方法来获得一个servlet实例
servlet = wrapper.allocate();
}
} catch (UnavailableException e) {
....
} catch (ServletException e) {
...
} catch (Throwable e) {
...
}
...
//调用它的 private createFilterChain 方法获得过滤链
ApplicationFilterChain filterChain = ApplicationFilterFactory.createFilterChain(request, wrapper, servlet);
try {
if ((servlet != null) && (filterChain != null)) {
if (context.getSwallowOutput()) {
try {
SystemLogHandler.startCapture();
if (request.isAsyncDispatching()) {
request.getAsyncContextInternal().doInternalDispatch();
} else {
//调用过滤器链的 doFilter 方法。包括调用servlet的service方法
filterChain.doFilter(request.getRequest(),response.getResponse());
}
} finally {
...
}
} else {
...
}
}
} catch (ClientAbortException | CloseNowException e) {
...
} catch (IOException e) {
...
} catch (UnavailableException e) {
...
} catch (ServletException e) {
...
} catch (Throwable e) {
...
} finally {
if (filterChain != null) {
//释放过滤器链
filterChain.release();
}
try {
if (servlet != null) {
//调用包装器的 deallocate 方法
wrapper.deallocate(servlet);
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
...
}
try {
if ((servlet != null) &&
(wrapper.getAvailable() == Long.MAX_VALUE)) {
//如果 Servlet 无法使用了,调用包装器的 unload 方法
wrapper.unload();
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
...
}
...
}
}
}
StandardWrapperFacade:StandardWrapper 需要对 Servlet 隐藏他的大多数 public方法。为了实现这一点,StandardWraper 将它自己包装的一个StandardWrapperFacade 实例