题记:

我们在使用SolrCloud中会经常发现会有备份的shard出现状态Recoverying,这就表明SolrCloud的数据存在着不一致性,需要进行Recovery,这个时候的SolrCloud建索引是不会写入索引文件中的(每个shard接受到update后写入自己的ulog中)。关于Recovery的内容包含三篇,本文是第一篇介绍Recovery的原因以及总体流程。

1. Recovery的起因

Recovery一般发生在以下三个时候:

  • SolrCloud启动的时候,主要由于在建索引的时候发生意外关闭,导致一些shard的数据与leader不一致,那么在启动的时候刚起的shard就会从leader那里同步数据。
  • SolrCloud在进行leader选举中出现错误,一般出现在leader宕机引起replica进行选举成leader过程中。
  • SolrCloud在进行update时候,由于某种原因leader转发update至replica没有成功,会迫使replica进行recoverying进行数据同步。

前面两种情况暂时不介绍,本文先介绍下第三种情况。大致原理如下图所示:

 

之前在 Solr4.8.0源码分析(15) 之 SolrCloud索引深入(2) 中讲到,不管update请求发送到哪个shard 分片中,最后在solrcloud里面进行分发的顺序都是从Leader发往Replica。Leader接受到update请求后先将document放入自己的索引文件以及update写入ulog中,然后将update同时转发给各个Replica分片。这就流程在就是之前讲到的add的索引链过程。

那么在索引链的add过程完毕后,SolrCloud会再依次调用finish()函数用来接受每一个Replica的响应,检查Replica的update操作是否成功。如果一旦有一个Replica没有成功,就会向update失败的Replica发送RequestRecovering命令强迫该分片进行Recoverying。

private void doFinish() {
// TODO: if not a forward and replication req is not specified, we could
// send in a background thread

cmdDistrib.finish();
List<Error> errors = cmdDistrib.getErrors();
// TODO - we may need to tell about more than one error...

// if its a forward, any fail is a problem - 
// otherwise we assume things are fine if we got it locally
// until we start allowing min replication param
if (errors.size() > 0) {
  // if one node is a RetryNode, this was a forward request
  if (errors.get(0).req.node instanceof RetryNode) {
    rsp.setException(errors.get(0).e);
  } else {
    if (log.isWarnEnabled()) {
      for (Error error : errors) {
        log.warn("Error sending update", error.e);
      }
    }
  }
  // else
  // for now we don't error - we assume if it was added locally, we
  // succeeded 
}


// if it is not a forward request, for each fail, try to tell them to
// recover - the doc was already added locally, so it should have been
// legit

for (final SolrCmdDistributor.Error error : errors) {
  if (error.req.node instanceof RetryNode) {
    // we don't try to force a leader to recover
    // when we cannot forward to it
    continue;
  }
  // TODO: we should force their state to recovering ??
  // TODO: do retries??
  // TODO: what if its is already recovering? Right now recoveries queue up -
  // should they?
  final String recoveryUrl = error.req.node.getBaseUrl();
  
  Thread thread = new Thread() {
    {
      setDaemon(true);
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
      log.info("try and ask " + recoveryUrl + " to recover");
      HttpSolrServer server = new HttpSolrServer(recoveryUrl);
      try {
        server.setSoTimeout(60000);
        server.setConnectionTimeout(15000);
        
        RequestRecovery recoverRequestCmd = new RequestRecovery();
        recoverRequestCmd.setAction(CoreAdminAction.REQUESTRECOVERY);
        recoverRequestCmd.setCoreName(error.req.node.getCoreName());
        try {
          server.request(recoverRequestCmd);
        } catch (Throwable t) {
          SolrException.log(log, recoveryUrl
              + ": Could not tell a replica to recover", t);
        }
      } finally {
        server.shutdown();
      }
    }
  };
  ExecutorService executor = req.getCore().getCoreDescriptor().getCoreContainer().getUpdateShardHandler().getUpdateExecutor();
  executor.execute(thread);
  
}
}

2. Recovery的总体流程

Replica接收到来自Leader的RequestRecovery命令后就会开始进行RecoveryStrategy线程,然后进行Recovery。总体流程如下图索引:

 

  • 在RequestRecovery请求判断中,我例举了一部分(不是全部)请求命令,这是正常的索引链过程。
  • 如果接受到的是RequestRecovery命令,那么本分片就会启动RecoveryStrategy线程来进行Recovery。
// if true, we are recovering after startup and shouldn't have (or be receiving) additional updates (except for local tlog recovery)
boolean recoveringAfterStartup = recoveryStrat == null;

recoveryStrat = new RecoveryStrategy(cc, cd, this);
recoveryStrat.setRecoveringAfterStartup(recoveringAfterStartup);
recoveryStrat.start();
recoveryRunning = true;
  • 分片会设置分片的状态recoverying。需要指出的是如果一旦检测到本分片成为了leader,那么Recovery过程就会退出。因为Recovery是从leader中同步数据的。
zkController.publish(core.getCoreDescriptor(), ZkStateReader.RECOVERING);
  • 这里要判断下firsttime是否为true(在重启分片的时候会检查之前是否进行replication且没做完就被关闭了),firsttime是控制是否先进入PeerSync Recovery策略的,如果为false则跳过PeerSync进入Replicate。
if (recoveringAfterStartup) {
  // if we're recovering after startup (i.e. we have been down), then we need to know what the last versions were
  // when we went down.  We may have received updates since then.
  recentVersions = startingVersions;
  try {
    if ((ulog.getStartingOperation() & UpdateLog.FLAG_GAP) != 0) {
      // last operation at the time of startup had the GAP flag set...
      // this means we were previously doing a full index replication
      // that probably didn't complete and buffering updates in the
      // meantime.
      log.info("Looks like a previous replication recovery did not complete - skipping peer sync. core="
          + coreName);
      firstTime = false; // skip peersync
    }
  } catch (Exception e) {
    SolrException.log(log, "Error trying to get ulog starting operation. core="
        + coreName, e);
    firstTime = false; // skip peersync
  }
}
  • 最后进行选择进入是PeerSync策略和Replicate策略,在<[Solr In Action 笔记(4) 之 SolrCloud分布式索引基础][Solr In Action _4_ _ SolrCloud]>中简单提到过两者的区别。关于具体的不同将在后面两节详细介绍。

  • Peer sync, 如果中断的时间较短,recovering node只是丢失少量update请求,那么它可以从leader的update log中获取。这个临界值是100个update请求,如果大于100,就会从leader进行完整的索引快照恢复。

  • Replication, 如果节点下线太久以至于不能从leader那进行同步,它就会使用solr的基于http进行索引的快照恢复。

  • 最后设置分片的状态为active。并判断是否是sucessfulrrecovery,如果否则会多出尝试Recovery。

总结:

本文主要介绍了Recovery的起因以及Recovery过程,由于是简述所以内容较简单,主要提到了两种不同的Recovery策略,后续两文种将分别详细介绍。